因项目需求，需要使用 C++ 解析 JSON。

RapidJSON

第一种方法，使用 RapidJSON 可以方便的用来生成或者解析 JSON。

项目地址：https://github.com/miloyip/rapidjson

RapidJSON 是只有头文件的 C++ 库。使用时只需要把 include/rapidjson 复制到项目目录中即可。

类似如下的JSON，其中包括Object，包括Array，掌握解析该JSON，基本 RapidJSON 解析可掌握：

{
  "ret": "101",
  "error": [
    {
      "errortype": "A0001",
      "errorstroke": {
        "0": "0.2",
        "1": "0.3"
      }
    },
    {
      "errortype": "A0021",
      "errorstroke": {
        "0": "0.2",
        "1": "0.3"
      }
    }
  ]
}

代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

#include "rapidjson/document.h"
#include "rapidjson/writer.h"
#include "rapidjson/stringbuffer.h"

using namespace rapidjson;
using namespace std;

int main() {

    string ret =
            "{\"ret\":\"101\",\"error\":[{\"errortype\":\"A0001\",\"errorstroke\":{\"0\":\"0.2\",\"1\":\"0.3\"}},{\"errortype\":\"A0021\",\"errorstroke\":{\"0\":\"0.2\",\"1\":\"0.3\"}}]}";
    rapidjson::Document doc;
    doc.Parse<kParseDefaultFlags>(ret.c_str());
    if (doc.HasMember("ret")) {
        string retjson = doc["ret"].GetString();
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < retjson.length(); ++i) {
            cout << retjson.at(i) << " ";
        }
    }
    cout << endl;
    if (doc.HasMember("error")) {
        const Value & errorjson = doc["error"];
        for (SizeType i = 0; i < errorjson.Size(); ++i) {
            // 或者这里可以换用一种遍历使用 Value::ConstValueIterator
            // http://rapidjson.org/md_doc_tutorial.html#QueryArray
            if (errorjson[i].HasMember("errortype")) {
                string errortype = errorjson[i]["errortype"].GetString();
                cout << "errortype: " << errortype << endl;
            }
            if (errorjson[i].HasMember("errorstroke")) {
                const Value & errorstroke = errorjson[i]["errorstroke"];
                cout << "errorstroke" << endl;
                for (Value::ConstMemberIterator iter = errorstroke.MemberBegin();iter != errorstroke.MemberEnd(); ++iter) {
                    cout << iter->name.GetString() << ": " << iter->value.GetString() << endl;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

关于 RapidJSON 的更多内容可以参考官网。

boost property_tree

使用 boost 库中的 property_tree 解析如下：

/*
 first config your project to include /usr/local/include
 second link lib /usr/local/lib
 */

#include <iostream>
#include <boost/property_tree/ptree.hpp>
#include <boost/property_tree/json_parser.hpp>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>
#include <string>

using namespace boost::property_tree;

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    std::string str_json = "{\"ret\":\"101\",\"error\":[{\"errortype\":\"A0001\",\"errorstroke\":{\"0\":\"0.2\",\"1\":\"0.3\"}},{\"errortype\":\"A0021\",\"errorstroke\":{\"0\":\"0.2\",\"1\":\"0.3\"}}]}";

    ptree pt;                       //define property_tree object
    std::stringstream ss(str_json);
    try {
        read_json(ss, pt);          //parse json
    } catch (ptree_error & e) {
        return 1;
    }

    std::cout << pt.get<std::string>("ret") << std::endl;
    ptree errortype = pt.get_child("error");            // get_child to get errors

    // first way
    for (boost::property_tree::ptree::iterator it = errortype.begin(); it != errortype.end(); ++it) {
        std::cout << it->first;
        std::cout << it->second.get<std::string>("errortype") << std::endl;
        ptree errorstroke = it->second.get_child("errorstroke");
        for (ptree::iterator iter = errorstroke.begin(); iter != errorstroke.end(); ++iter) {
            std::string key = iter->first;
            std::cout << iter->first << std::endl;
            std::cout << iter->second.data() << std::endl;
        }
    }

    // second way: using boost foreach feature
//    BOOST_FOREACH(ptree::value_type &v, errortype){
//        ptree& childparse = v.second;
//        std::cout << childparse.get<std::string>("errortype") << std::endl;
//        ptree errorstroke = childparse.get_child("errorstroke");
//        BOOST_FOREACH(ptree::value_type& w, errorstroke){
//            std::cout << w.first << std::endl;
//            std::cout << w.second.data() << std::endl;
//        }
//    }

    /*
     101
     A0001
     0
     0.2
     1
     0.3
     A0021
     0
     0.2
     1
     0.3
     */

    return 0;
}