sudo fdisk -l    # 列出磁盘分区表

Disk /dev/ram0: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram1: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram2: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram3: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram4: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram5: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram6: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram7: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram8: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram9: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram10: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram11: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram12: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram13: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram14: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram15: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 7.4 GiB, 7948206080 bytes, 15523840 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1fdbda7f

Device         Boot Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/mmcblk0p1       8192    93813    85622 41.8M  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/mmcblk0p2      94208 15523839 15429632  7.4G 83 Linux


Disk /dev/sda: 1.4 TiB, 1500301909504 bytes, 2930277167 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4c63688c

Device     Boot Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1        2048 2930272255 2930270208  1.4T  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g
sudo mkdir -p /media/sda1
sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sda1 /media/sda1

sudo df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/root       7.3G  2.2G  4.8G  31% /
devtmpfs        460M     0  460M   0% /dev
tmpfs           464M     0  464M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           464M   13M  452M   3% /run
tmpfs           5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs           464M     0  464M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mmcblk0p1   42M   21M   21M  51% /boot
tmpfs            93M     0   93M   0% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1       1.4T  1.1T  363G  75% /media/sda1

sudo vim /etc/fstab

/dev/sda1 /mnt/hdd ext4 defaults 0 0

sudo vim /etc/udev/rules.d/10-usbstorage.rules

KERNEL!="sd*", GOTO="media_by_label_auto_mount_end"
SUBSYSTEM!="block",GOTO="media_by_label_auto_mount_end"
IMPORT{program}="/sbin/blkid -o udev -p %N"
ENV{ID_FS_TYPE}=="", GOTO="media_by_label_auto_mount_end"
ENV{ID_FS_LABEL}!="", ENV{dir_name}="%E{ID_FS_LABEL}"
ENV{ID_FS_LABEL}=="", ENV{dir_name}="Untitled-%k"
ACTION=="add", ENV{mount_options}="relatime,sync"
ACTION=="add", ENV{ID_FS_TYPE}=="vfat", ENV{mount_options}="iocharset=utf8,umask=000"
ACTION=="add", ENV{ID_FS_TYPE}=="ntfs", ENV{mount_options}="iocharset=utf8,umask=000"
ACTION=="add", RUN+="/bin/mkdir -p /media/%E{dir_name}", RUN+="/bin/mount -o $env{mount_options} /dev/%k /media/%E{dir_name}"
ACTION=="remove", ENV{dir_name}!="", RUN+="/bin/umount -l /media/%E{dir_name}", RUN+="/bin/rmdir /media/%E{dir_name}"
LABEL="media_by_label_auto_mount_end"

umount /media/sda1

<servlet>    
   <servlet-name>application</servlet-name>    
   <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
   <init-param>  
		<param-name>dispatchOptionsRequest</param-name>  
		<param-value>true</param-value>  
   </init-param>    
   <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    
</servlet>    

public class CorsInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {

	@Override
	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
		addOriginHeader(request, response);
		if ("OPTIONS".equalsIgnoreCase(request.getMethod())) {
			response.setStatus(200);
			return false;
		}	
		return true;
	}

	private void addOriginHeader(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		String origin = request.getHeader("Origin");
		response.addHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", origin);
		response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type");
		response.addHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");         // 可选，是否允许Cookie
		response.addHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "POST, GET, OPTIONS");
		response.addHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "1728000");
	}
}

@RequestMapping(value = "/test/hello", method = {RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.OPTIONS})

sudo passwd root
# 然后输入密码
# 用同样的方式修改默认账户 pi 的密码
sudo passwd pi

sudo service ssh start

raspi-config

apt install vim
apt install samba samba-common-bin
apt install zsh
apt-get install nginx
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
chsh -s /bin/zsh
apt-get install -y make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev \
libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev \
xz-utils tk-dev
curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash
apt install mysql-server
apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

bind 127.0.0.1

requirepass mypassword

sudo service redis-server restart

./redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a mypassword
127.0.0.1:6379> config get requirepass
1) "requirepass"
2) "mypassword"

./redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379
127.0.0.1:6379> auth mypassword
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> config get requirepass
1) "requirepass"
2) "mypassword"

127.0.0.1:6379> config set requirepass mypassword
OK

masterauth master-password

a = 3
a = 'Spam'

a = 3
b = a

a = 'spam'

a = a + 2

L1 = [2,3,4]
L2 = L1
L1[0] = 'spam'

L1 = [2,3,4]
L2 = L1[:]             # 创建了一个 L1 的拷贝
L1[0] = 'spam'          # 此时再修改 L1 则不会对 L2 造成影响

import copy
X = copy.copy(Y)            # make top-level "shadow" copy of any object Y
X = copy.deepcopy(Y)        # make deep copy of any object Y: copy all nested parts

L = [1,2,3]
M = L
L == M                      # Same 这时候判断的是引用是否相同，判定值是否相同
L is M                      # Same is 操作符判断是指向的对象是否相同，更强的相等判断

L = [1,2,3]
M = [1,2,3]
L == M                      # Same 相同的内容
L is M                      # False 不同的对象

X = 42
Y = 42                      # 应该是两个不同的对象
X == Y                      # True
X is Y                      # 相同的对象，caching 在起作用

import sys
sys.getrefcount(1)

>>> import sys
>>> sys.path

import dir1.dir2.mod
from dir1.dir2.mod import x

dir0\dir1\dir2\mod.py

当 Python 导入 Package 时，会自动跑 `__init__.py` 下的内容，所以 `__init__.py` 文件下是天然的存放初始化内容的地方，比如初始化数据库连接等等。

__all__ = ["Error", "encode", "decode"]

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/mvc")
public class mvcController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        return "hello";
    }
}

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/rest")
public class RestController {
    @RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        System.out.println("get"+id);
        return "/hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String post(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        System.out.println("post"+id);
        return "/hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String put(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        System.out.println("put"+id);
        return "/hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        System.out.println("delete"+id);
        return "/hello";
    }
}

@RequestMapping(value = "/register", method = RequestMethod.POST)

@RequestMapping(value="/users/**")   匹配"/users/abc/abc"；
@RequestMapping(value="/product?")   匹配"/product1"或"/producta"，但不匹配"/product"或"/productaa"；
@RequestMapping(value="/product*")   匹配“/productabc”或“/product”，但不匹配“/productabc/abc”；
@RequestMapping(value="/product/*")   匹配“/product/abc”，但不匹配“/productabc”；

@RequestMapping(value="/login.do",params="flag")   代表请求中必须要有名为 flag 的提交项
@RequestMapping(value="/login.do",params="!flag")  代表请求中不能有名为 flag 的提交项
@RequestMapping(value="/login.do",params="flag=hello") 代表请求中必须有名为 flag 的提交项，且值为 hello
@RequestMapping(value="/login.do",params="flag!=hello") 代表请求中如果有名为 flag 的提交项，其值不能为 hello
@RequestMapping(value="/login.do",params={"flag1","flag2=hello"}) 代表请求中必须有名为 flag1 的提交项，同时必须有名为 flag2 的提交项，且 flag2 的值必须为 hello

@RequestMapping(value="/login.do",method=RequestMethod.POST)
@RequestMapping(value="/login.do",method=RequestMethod.GET)
@RequestMapping(value="/login.do", method= {RequestMethod.POST, RequestMethod.GET}"

@RequestMapping(value = "/check", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public
@ResponseBody
String check(@RequestParam(value = "signature", required = true, defaultValue = "") String signature,
             @RequestParam(value = "timestamp", required = true, defaultValue = "") String timestamp,
             @RequestParam(value = "nonce", required = true, defaultValue = "") String nonce,
             @RequestParam(value = "echostr", required = true, defaultValue = "") String echostr,
             HttpServletRequest request,
             HttpServletResponse response
) {
    response.addHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
    response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept");

    if (checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) {
        return echostr;
    }
    return "";
}

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);

    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public void exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e) throws Exception {
        //todo add request info to log
        logger.error("error: {}", e);
        return;
    }

}

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/owners/{ownerId}")
public class RelativePathUriTemplateController {

	@RequestMapping("/pets/{petId}")
	public void findPet(@PathVariable String ownerId, @PathVariable String petId, Model model) {
	// implementation omitted
	}
}

Host
localhost:8080
Accept                  text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9
Accept-Language         fr,en-gb;q=0.7,en;q=0.3
Accept-Encoding         gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset          ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive              300


@RequestMapping("/displayHeaderInfo.do")
public void displayHeaderInfo(@RequestHeader("Accept-Encoding") String encoding,                                @RequestHeader("Keep-Alive") long keepAlive)  {
	//...
}

/**
 * Indicates that a method declaration is intended to override a
 * method declaration in a supertype. If a method is annotated with
 * this annotation type compilers are required to generate an error
 * message unless at least one of the following conditions hold:
 * The method does override or implement a method declared in a
 * supertype.
 * The method has a signature that is override-equivalent to that of
 * any public method declared in Object.
 *
 * @author  Peter von der Ahé
 * @author  Joshua Bloch
 * @jls 9.6.1.4 @Override
 * @since 1.5
 */
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
public @interface Override {
}

/**
 * Indicates how long annotations with the annotated type are to
 * be retained.  If no Retention annotation is present on
 * an annotation type declaration, the retention policy defaults to
 * RetentionPolicy.CLASS.
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE)
public @interface Retention {
	/**
	 * Returns the retention policy.
	 * @return the retention policy
	 */
	RetentionPolicy value();
}

public enum RetentionPolicy {
	/**
	 * Annotations are to be discarded by the compiler.
	 */
	SOURCE,
	/**
	 * Annotations are to be recorded in the class file by the compiler
	 * but need not be retained by the VM at run time.  This is the default
	 * behavior.
	 */
	CLASS,
	/**
	 * Annotations are to be recorded in the class file by the compiler and
	 * retained by the VM at run time, so they may be read reflectively.
	 *
	 * @see java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement
	 */
	RUNTIME
}

package java.lang.annotation;

/**
 * Indicates the contexts in which an annotation type is applicable. The
 * declaration contexts and type contexts in which an annotation type may be
 * applicable are specified in JLS 9.6.4.1, and denoted in source code by enum
 * constants of java.lang.annotation.ElementType
 * @since 1.5
 * @jls 9.6.4.1 @Target
 * @jls 9.7.4 Where Annotations May Appear
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE)
public @interface Target {
	/**
	 * Returns an array of the kinds of elements an annotation type
	 * can be applied to.
	 * @return an array of the kinds of elements an annotation type
	 * can be applied to
	 */
	ElementType[] value();
}

public enum ElementType {
	/** Class, interface (including annotation type), or enum declaration */
	TYPE,
	/** Field declaration (includes enum constants) */
	FIELD,
	/** Method declaration */
	METHOD,
	/** Formal parameter declaration */
	PARAMETER,
	/** Constructor declaration */
	CONSTRUCTOR,
	/** Local variable declaration */
	LOCAL_VARIABLE,
	/** Annotation type declaration */
	ANNOTATION_TYPE,
	/** Package declaration */
	PACKAGE,
	/**
	 * Type parameter declaration
	 * @since 1.8
	 */
	TYPE_PARAMETER,
	/**
	 * Use of a type
	 * @since 1.8
	 */
	TYPE_USE
}

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
public @interface Override {
}

/**
 * Indicates that annotations with a type are to be documented by javadoc
 * and similar tools by default.  This type should be used to annotate the
 * declarations of types whose annotations affect the use of annotated
 * elements by their clients.  If a type declaration is annotated with
 * Documented, its annotations become part of the public API
 * of the annotated elements.
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE)
public @interface Documented {
}

/**
 * 不需要登录注解
 */
@Target({ ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface NoLogin {
}

/**
 * 检查登录拦截器
 * 如不需要检查登录可在方法或者 controller 上加上 @NoLogin
 */
public class CheckLoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
	private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(CheckLoginInterceptor.class);

	@Override
	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
							 Object handler) throws Exception {
		if (!(handler instanceof HandlerMethod)) {
			logger.warn("当前操作 handler 不为 HandlerMethod=" + handler.getClass().getName() + ",req="
						+ request.getQueryString());
			return true;
		}
		HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
		String methodName = handlerMethod.getMethod().getName();
		// 判断是否需要检查登录
		NoLogin noLogin = handlerMethod.getMethod().getAnnotation(NoLogin.class);
		if (null != noLogin) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("当前操作 methodName=" + methodName + "不需要检查登录情况");
			}
			return true;
		}
		noLogin = handlerMethod.getMethod().getDeclaringClass().getAnnotation(NoLogin.class);
		if (null != noLogin) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("当前操作 methodName=" + methodName + "不需要检查登录情况");
			}
			return true;
		}
		if (null == request.getSession().getAttribute(CommonConstants.SESSION_KEY_USER)) {
			logger.warn("当前操作" + methodName + "用户未登录，ip=" + request.getRemoteAddr());
			response.getWriter().write(JsonConvertor.convertFailResult(ErrorCodeEnum.NOT_LOGIN).toString()); // 返回错误信息
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}
	@Override
	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
						   Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
	}
	@Override
	public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
								Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
	}
}

NoLogin noLogin = handlerMethod.getMethod().getAnnotation(NoLogin.class);

noLogin = handlerMethod.getMethod().getDeclaringClass().getAnnotation(NoLogin.class);

public interface BeanPostProcessor {
	Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException;
	Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException;
}

<context:component-scan base-package="net.aazj.service,net.aazj.aop" />